Parliament Dissolving in Iraqi Constitutions (1925-2005) (Comparative study)

Abstract

The constitutional rules of most countries give mutual powers to the executive and legislative authorities, the aim behind which is to achieve a balance between these authorities. Constitutions are always keen to regulate the relationship and create a balance between the existing authorities in this country, and this is what distinguishes the parliamentary system from others in terms of balance and cooperation between the legislative and executive authorities. In order to ensure that the legislative authority elected by the people does not deviate from the exercise of its constitutional functions, and to confront the legislative authority with a tool that counters what it possesses in terms of legislative powers and the right to withdraw confidence from the government, it is natural for the parliament to exercise its work according to what is specified in the constitution within a specific period of time, but it grants the executive authority this power, so it can dissolve parliament, as the right to dissolve is considered a reciprocal or equivalent weapon to the weapon of ministerial responsibility before parliament, and perhaps the executive authority may find itself forced to use the means of dissolution in the event that no agreements or understandings are reached with the legislative authority, as dissolving the legislative authority is the last resort and the strongest weapon that the executive authority possesses in the face of what the legislative authority possesses.